649 tarihli Lateran Konsili (5 Ekim 649 – 31 Ekim 649)
Yazar
Sinod'un kökleri Papa I. Theodore (ö.649) ile İkrarcı Maximus
(ö.662) arasında, Maximus'un Roma'ya gelişinden önceki 646 yılına dayanan bir
dizi yazışmaya dayanmaktadır. 649 tarihli Lateran Konsili, birçok Doğu
Hristiyanı tarafından benimsenen bir Kristoloji olan Monothelitizm'i kınamak
için St. John Lateran Bazilikası'nda düzenlenen bir sinoddu. Konsey, Doğu'da
veya Batı'da ekümenik statü elde etmedi ancak bir papanın Roma imparatorundan
bağımsız bir ekümenik konsey toplamaya yönelik ilk girişimini temsil etti.
Kitap
Concilium Lateranense a. 649 kutlama, ed. Rudolf Riedinger (Berlin,
1984). Hem Yunanca hem de Latince metinleri içerir. 649 tarihli Lateran
Sinodunun İşleri. Richard Price'ın yorumları ve Phil Booth ile Catherine
Cubitt'in katkılarıyla çevrilmiştir, Translated Texts for Historians 61,
Liverpool 2014.
Kaynakça
Rudolf Riedinger (ed.),
Acta Conciliorum Oecumenicorum, series 2, Concilium Lateranense a. 649
celebratum, vol.l (Berlin 1984). Includes both Greek and Latin texts. The Acts
of the Lateran Synod of 649. Translated with commentary by Richard Price and
contributions by Phil Booth and Catherine Cubitt, Translated Texts for
Historians 61, Liverpool 2014; Andrew J. Ekonomou, 2007. Byzantine Rome and the
Greek Popes: Eastern influences on Rome and the papacy from Gregory the Great
to Zacharias, A.D. 590-752. Lexington Books..
Lateran
Council of 649
The Acts of the
Lateran Synod of 649 Translated with notes by RICHARD PRICE’den;
The Second
Session (8 October);
“…[40]…
To the God who voluntarily
on our behalf was crucified in this holy place you yourself will have to render
an account at his glorious and dread coming, when he will judge the living and
the dead, if you ignore and overlook the danger to faith in him, even though I
myself, as you know, am bodily prevented from acting by the incursion of the
Saracens as a result of our sins. Therefore proceed in haste from one end of
the world to the other until you come to the apostolic see, where are the
foundations of the pious doctrines, and acquaint the all-sacred men there, not
once or twice but many times, with everything that has with precision been
mooted here. You are not to desist from vigorous exhortation and entreaty,
until with apostolic wisdom they bring their judgement to a victorious
conclusion and issue canonically a total refutation of the outlandish
doctrines, lest, as says the apostle, these any longer “spread like a
cancer”, feeding on the souls of the more simple-minded.” ” (The Second
Session, s.145).
The Third Session 17 October;
“[172] The heading. To my master honoured by God and
most blessed in every respect, spiritual brother and fellow minister Sergius,
archbishop and patriarch, from the most insignificant Cyrus of Alexandria.[1]
The text. When we were about to dispatch a
response to the all-fortunate [city of Constantinople], the most glorious
general Eustathius received and brought to me the all-honoured words of the
God-honoured beatitude of my distinguished master [Sergius], enclosing a copy,
[addressed] to Isaacius the most exalted patrician and exarch of Italy, of the Ekthesis
of our all-venerable faith composed in a manner timely, far-sighted and
pleasing to God by our most pious and God-protected master and great emperor,
which now needs to be ratified by our common brother the most holy Severinus,
who, with the help of God, is to be consecrated in Rome.[2] I went
through it carefully not only once or twice but many times. Delighted by the
reading and delighting those with me because of the excellent exposition in the
text, which is radiant like the sun and publicly proclaims our true and
unimpeachable faith correctly and without error, I offered up hymns of
thanksgiving to God the master of the universe for having given us a wise
governor, who directs his holy churches felicitously and does not allow us to
be troubled by the storm that may well be threatening, nor those who have pure
recourse to them to be wrecked on hidden rocks, but instead leads us safely and
benignly to a calm haven, while taking thought in godly fashion for the peace
of the Christ-loving congregations they contain. The God who made him such and
placed him among those spiritual will grant to his all-pious rule strength and
might against the enemies who oppose his reign, obedient [to God], so that we
may exclaim at that time with songs of thanksgiving, ‘The one all-pious and
thrice-august has saved, has saved us, thrice he saved us,’167 I mean from
tyrannical oppression and Persian ferocity, and also Saracen wilfulness. We
too, having received your teaching and following it totally, embrace and
preserve the pious and devout gifts of his all-calm serenity, as is known
already to your all-holiness honoured by God, through what at various times has
been written to you by our mediocrity, in words uncouth yet orthodox. To the
whole brotherhood in Christ together with your God-honoured beatitude both I
and those with me send abundant greetings.
The subscription: With good
health in the Lord, pray for us, most blessed father.” (The Third Session, s.235-236).
[1] This, the
third of Cyrus’ extant letters to Sergius, dates to November 638
[2] Severinus was
elected pope in October 638, but the emperor refused to allow his consecration until
he subscribed to the Ekthesis. He was eventually consecrated in May 640 and
died in August, probably still evading the emperor’s demands. Eustathius’
detour via Alexandria must have been to secure the assent of all the eastern
patriarchs before Rome was approached.
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